The nanocompozite materials from chalcogenide glasses and organic polymers-inorganic semiconductors are attractive for different practical applications due to their low-cost, simple processing, mechanical hardness, variation of the chemical composition using the comercial chemical elements. The main objective of the project was the elaboration of new nanostructured optical materials from chalcogenide glasses and nanocomposites on the base of polymers-inorganic semiconductors with high refractive index (n≥1.8) for fabrication of diffractive elements for practical applications in photonics and optoelectronics. The diffractive elements, as diffractive grattings, micro-lenzs, selective filters, beam spliters, etc. stand on the base of the modern optoelectronics. The task of the project includes  sinthesis of new nanostructured optical materials from chalcogenide glasses doped with metals (As-S-Se:Me), of nanocompozites from polymers-inorganic semiconductors (CdS, CdSe), of organic coordonative compounds with rare-earth ions (Eu³⁺, Tb³⁺), investigation of optical properties, photoluminescente and photo-induced and electrono-induced phenomena. The project also was included theoretical calculations and analysis of spectral characteristics of nanostructures and nanocompozite materials (the coefficient of optical absorption, photoluminescence intensity, the form of spectral lines), investigation of quantum effects caused by the limitation of the dimensions of the particles in materials. It was effectuated a computer simulation and a design of the diffractive patterns, registered the diffractive elements by holographic and with the aid of the electron beam, included with the combination of theese modes by nano-lithographically methods. On the base of the investigated nanocomposite materials and nanostructures were elaborated diffractive elements and optoelectronic devices, which will have a positive impact on the national economy, such using its as sensors for security of the strategic objects, as protection stamps for the food producess, pharmateutical production, documents, etc.